Lonesome George , the last of the Pinta Island tortoise , died in 2012 . George ’s chronicle is the perfect extinction write up . It features a magnetic fictional character with a recognizable expression , an obvious villain , and the tireless efforts of naturalist .
The population of the Pinta Island tortoise coinage was extinguish by whalers hunting and eating them during the 19th 100 . Zoologist József Vágvölgyi discovered George in 1971 and lend him into captivity . No other Pinta Island Tortoises have since been found . The International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) declare the mintage extinct in the wild in 1996 , while researchers attempted to spawn George with other tortoise to at least save his genetic cloth . But George died — of natural causes — sparking news level about his life and legacy , which media outlets keep on to continue to this day .
But George ’s story is not a typical write up . Perhaps a good mascot of the extinction crisis is Plectostoma sciaphilum ; a little escargot , called a “ microjewel ” for its beautiful , intricate shell , that inhabited a single limestone hill in Malaysia . During the 2000s , a cementum company pass over the hill off the mathematical function for its worthful imagination , rendering the “ microjewel ” snail extinct .
Study skins of the extinct Lana’i and Kaua’i ‘akiaolaPhoto: Paul Sweet/AMNH
scientist estimate that species are pass extinct1,000 times fasterthan they should be , and “ literally XII ” go out each day . But these estimate are n’t made from news report about big , uncommon menagerie attraction ; most of those victims are likely invertebrate , plants , and other beings you may not think much about . Even figuring out the actual extent of the biodiversity crisis is unmanageable , give how voiceless it is to forecast what we do n’t have it away . dry land might be home to anywhere from 5 million to 10 million species , or perhaps a trillion , accordingto disparateestimates , of which investigator have cataloguedless than 2 million . The IUCN ’s Red List name only a thousand nonextant or out - in - the - wild species — butone paperestimated that 7 percent of the known extant species might be extinct , if you admit estimate of invertebrate extinctions .
Below , we ’ve compiled a list of the specie that the IUCN declared extinct in the past decennium ( it does not admit species still around but declared extinct in the wilderness ) . The list is contains only 160 coinage , many of which were last come across many years ago or only detect of late . Generally , it takes decades without a sighting of a species plus consecrated lookup before research worker can fully establish that no someone are left . declare a specie extinct itself can be an act of giving up , or bad — once a metal money is considered out , governments may no longer feel the pauperism to fund auspices for its habitat .
But the trends that connect these 160 extinctions are dead on target of the biodiversity crisis more broadly , and the sort of species it lists , plus how they give way extinct , are even more relevant in the present Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . to create the list , I filter out the IUCN ’s cherry inclination just to species that scientists assessed as extinct this X , transfer any that had been previously declared extinct in assessments from previous decades , and save a sum-up of what each specie was , where it live , and how and when it went extinct . Certain metal money had more detailed stories than others .
The Oahu ‘akialoa, painted by John Gerrard KeulemansIllustration: Public Domain (Wikimedia Commons)
specie today typically go extinct due to one or a combination of several factors : humans clear their habitat , mankind purposely or inadvertently bring in invasive species to their habitats , humans pollute their habitat , humans over - harvesting the species for solid food or other employment , or humans indirectly harming habitats through the effects of climate change . While a fraction of these are rare and magnetic metal money that pass over a orotund sphere , a absolute majority are lesser - known and endure only in very modified areas , such as on unmarried mountains , in fragments of home ground , undivided watershed , or on islands .
Though they ’re not crowdpleasers , these endemic plants and animals attend to important purposes in their surround — what life scientist call ecosystem avail . “ These are the service we get for free from the right function of nature , ” Gerardo Ceballos , ecologist and environmentalist at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico , order Gizmodo . These include maintaining the floor of certain gases in the atmosphere , cleaning the water , cross-pollinate plants , and other services that crop better in non - degraded home ground . The problem transcends extinction , especially when these ecosystem service providers are extirpated from a collapse range . And studies have document declines in the overall population ofbirdsandinsects .
“ ecosystem are affect even if coinage have n’t gone nonextant but just subsist at a reduced abundance , ” Karen Lips , professor in the University of Maryland ’s department of biology , assure Gizmodo .
The extent snailBythinella reyniesii, which looks similar in appearance to other Bythinella snails.Photo: Dieter Schmitt (Wikimedia Commons)
Here ’s where I ’m hypothesise to order you that it ’s not all doomsday and gloom , that there ’s something that you could do . Yes , it is truthful that humans can do a lot to stave off a species ’ extinction . “ We can set aside more protected area and step through animation more cautiously , ” Stuart Pimm , Duke University preservation environmental science professor , separate Gizmodo . nonprofit organization are attempt to fight the crisis . But this long list of mintage declare extinct should show you just how serious the crisis is and how the simple turn of humans show up someplace can come down ecologic disaster . Have hope , if you are able , but have intercourse that it ’s perish to take serious , coordinated , international effort , some of which may be uncomfortably revolutionary , in ordering to maintain the wellness of our planet and the mintage we share it with and thrive as a mintage ourselves .
The species the IUCN declared extinct in the 2010s, in alphabetical order:
This plant was endemic to cop - rich filth on the Katanga Plateau , Democratic Republic of Congo . Surface mining believably caused its demise . It has n’t been seen since 1959 , and the IUCN declare it extinct in 2012 .
This humble , uncommon bush only inhabited forested domain of the island of Rarotunga in the South Pacific . world have since developed many of these area , and the plant has n’t been seen on the island since 1929 . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 .
Acrocephalus is a genus of minuscule , drab songbirds that appear across the earth , often on Pacific islands , where they have evolved into unexampled coinage but present threats from human growing . These threat most notably are exonerate habitat and the introduction of invading species like computerized tomography and rats . The Guam Walter Reed - warbler was a “ passably coarse ” small bird in at least one of Guam ’s freshwater swamps until 1968 , but since then its universe must have rapidly declined , as it has n’t been seen since 1969 . Pesticides , the introduction of the brown tree snake in the grass , fires , and habitat demolition combined probably all contributed to its habitat ’s destruction . The IUCN declare it nonextant in 2016 .
Lonesome GeorgePhoto: Getty
The Forster ’s reed - warbler cover in bamboo copse on two islands of Gallic Polynesia , and naturalists recorded it until the other 1900s . However , human introduction of feral cats and rat to the islands , as well as vie invasive wench like the common myna , credibly brought this species to its end . The IUCN adjudge it nonextant in 2016 .
The Aguijan beating-reed instrument - warbler appear in thicket on just one of the Northern Mariana Islands in the Pacific . naturalist enter it on the island until 1995 but encompassing surveys since have n’t found it . It likely snuff it at the hands of human - introduced hombre , rats , and supervise lizards . The IUCN announce it extinct in 2017 .
The Pagan reed - warbler inhabited freshwater wetlands on one of the Northern Mariana Islands . Human growth probably illuminate enough of the res publica to furnish the doll extinct before 1980 , but a 1981 volcanic clap muffle any remaining hope for its survival of the fittest . Surveys since have n’t turned up any grounds of the bird , which the IUCN adjudge extinct in 2016 .
OhaPhoto: John K Obata (http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/delissea.htm)
late study of fossil on Bermuda revealed that there was in all probability a unique metal money of small hooter on the island in the 17th century . The chick would have go away nonextant at the hands of coloniser who cleared native trees and brought along invasive predator like cats and betrayer . The IUCN declared the owl extinct in 2014 .
The Hawaiian islands are among the most notable example of species reject at the hand of human race , epitomized by the decline of a syndicate of finches anticipate the Hawaiian honeycreepers . Like Darwin ’s famous finches , these raspberry evolved a variety of bill shapes and feeding behaviors , fill up niches corresponding with Hawaii ’s incredibly various flora population via adaptive radiation . But less than one-half of the Hawaiian honeycreepers are still around ; their specialized behaviors made them especially susceptible to habitat degradation , and introduced avian malaria confined many their populations to altitude where mosquitoescan’t thrive . The Oahu ‘ akialoa was a pocket-sized finch with a long , curved banknote that ate insect and ambrosia , but it went out due to disease and humans clearing the forest . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
Observers spotted the Kaua’i ‘ akiaola as late as 1969 , but this Hawaiian honeycreeper has n’t been image since due to habitat destruction and invasive specie combined with hurricane damage . The IUCN hold it extinct in 2016 .
Hibiscadelphus woodiiPhoto: Kenneth Wood
The İznik shemaya was a fresh water fish find in the Lake İznik Basin in Turkey up until the late 20th century . The local fishing industry stocked the lake with other species such as the big - scale sand smelt , which outcompeted the shemaya . Scientists and fisherman have n’t seen the Pisces the Fishes in more late surveys and catch , and the IUCN hold it extinct in 2014 .
fossil showed investigator that a species of aristocratic pigeon existed on the island of Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean into the 17th C . The merchant vessels industry likely introduced stinkpot to the island around that time , repel the pigeon to extinction before the eighteenth century . It was retroactively added to the IUCN ’s listing of extinct metal money in 2014 .
Scientists have think this Caribbean lizard might be extinct since 1937 , due to the insertion of the mongoose . Intense survey since then have always turned up empty , and the IUCN formally declare it extinct in 2015 .
Lesser stick-nest ratsIllustration: John Gould
This small plant in the amaranth family endure only on the small , uninhabited Hawaiian island Nihoa . But even the island ’s pocket-sized size could n’t keep it secure from humans , and the plant went extinct after being out - competed by invasive plant life . It was last recorded in 1983 , and the IUCN declare it nonextant in 2018 .
Anabarilius macrolepis was a fish that could only be found in China ’s Yilong lake . human being begin using the lake water for agriculture , and its levels refuse from the 1950s onward until it completely dried up for 20 days in 1981 . The fish has n’t been discover since , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2011 .
Angraecopsis dolabriformis is a small flowering plant known only from a single specimen , bring from the island of São Tomé off the Atlantic Coast of Central Africa in 1892 . There are few remaining details about the plant , but humans destroyed much of the island ’s rude home ground throughout the 19th and twentieth century , and it has n’t been find since . The IUCN announce it extinct in 2018 .
Naturalist drawing ofNeoplanorbis tantillusIllustration: Henry Augustus Pilsbry (Wikimedia Commons)
This orchid was constitute only in a 4 - kilometer patch on São Tomé and is known only from a 19th - 100 specimen . Intensive searches have n’t spotted it since , and the IUCN declare it extinct in 2018 .
This Pisces the Fishes was only found in Lake Gölçük , a mountain lake in Turkey , but was out - competed by non - native coinage that mankind stocked into the lake to help fishery . scientist have known the fish was extinct since the 1980s , and the IUCN in conclusion declare it so in 2014 .
The Raiatea starling hold out on Gallic Polynesia and is only known from an 18th - century painting of a since - lost specimen . It likely go extinct after humans brought rats to the island , and was formally declared kaput in 2016 .
A photo of the Christmas island pipistrellePhoto: Lindy Lumsden
The Cunning silversid was a little - known fish that experience in rocky river in Veracruz , Mexico . It was last seen in 1957 and likely met its end due to habitat degradation , pollution , and dyke - edifice . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2019 .
Basananthe cupricola was a low flowering plant found in only one locating on the steppes in Democratic Republic of Congo . It required rare copper - copious filth to thrive and was lost due to mining operation in the area . Intense surveys have fail to wrench up the plant since 1980 , and the IUCN announce it extinct in 2012 .
Fossil evidence showed that an autochthonal hawk lived on Bermuda in the seventeenth century . The lawsuit if its extinguishing is unknown , but it was likely due to the introduction of feral pigs or human hunting try . The IUCN add this mortarboard to its tilt of out species in 2014 .
The Darwin’s flycatcher, closely related to the extinct San Cristobal flycatcher.
scientist work out in the Australian desert have collect only a single specimen of the desert bettong , which looked like a cross between a squealer and a kangaroo , so we know little about where or how it live . It was last seen in 1933 and was believably prey for incursive savage computed tomography and invasive foxes . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
This ground - beetle inhabited less than a square naut mi of land on São Miguel in the Azores in the Atlantic . It was a dupe of changing mood , which brought increasing drouth to the area . It was last recorded by naturalists in 1919 , and the IUCN declare it extinct in 2018 .
This pocket-size freshwater escargot was once found around Toulouse , France , but as the city grew , it swallowed up and destroyed the streams in which the snail lived . naturalist have n’t tape the metal money in at least 50 years , so the IUCN declare it extinct in 2010 .
Mount WellingtonPhoto: Bhutt (Wikimedia Commons)
Naturalists put down four species of these freshwater snails in various springs in Tunisia in the 19th century . None have been found in surveys since , so the IUCN announce them extinct in 2010 .
A large , raptorial ground beetle was endemical to the high-pitched - height forests of Pico , an island of the Azores on the Atlantic . Naturalists last show it in 1859 , and exhaustive survey have n’t turned up any evidence since . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2018 .
Another bombastic , ravening ground beetle was endemic to the high - altitude forests of Santa Maria , another island of the Azores . Naturalists last recorded it in 1957 , and exhaustive surveys have n’t turn up any evidence since . The campaign of this insect ’s descent was in all likelihood climate change increasing the turn of drouth on the island . The IUCN declared it out in 2018 .
This fresh water crayfish inhabit a single pool in Mexico . It had a stable universe before 1989 , but intensive groundwater pumping for agriculture shrunk and finally dry out up the pool . The IUCN announce the species extinct in 2010 .
This small crayfish lived in a Mexican desert leap , which has since dry out up from Agriculture Department , get the IUCN to declare the specie extinct in 2010 . However , in 2015 , a team of scientists reported that they had re - found an abundant universe of the species in another Chihuahua spring . But this spring , called Ojo Solo , is also at risk of dry up . scientist recreated a natural area nearby in social club to protect the specie .
This unfolding plant spring up near Ukraine ’s Sea of Azov . natural scientist have n’t recorded it since 1930 — though it ’s possible that it was never a unique species and instead a hybrid of other plants . The IUCN declare it out in 2011 .
This wanderer once inhabit the woods on the Seychelles island of Mahé , and natural scientist last immortalize it in 1894 . trespassing cinnamon trees have replaced much of the spider ’s original habitat , and it has n’t been show in persist patches of worthy home ground since . The IUCN announce it nonextant in 2014 .
Scientists call up this mussel was already extinct when they find grounds of its casing in the Nile Delta , but they re - found lively specimen in the early 20th century . It has n’t been seen since despite broad resume , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2010 .
Lonesome George was born around 1910 on the Galápagos Island of Pinta . Whalers hunt much of the tortoise ’s universe during the 19th century , and there were few tortoise left by the time of George ’s giving birth . Feral goats destroyed much of the island ’s native forests after they were introduce in 1979 , further imperiling the tortoise . József Vágvölgyi discovered George in 1971 and brought him into captivity on another island . Naturalists did not find any other Pinta Island tortoises , despite intensive search , and the IUCN declared the Pinta Island tortoise extinct in the natural state in 1996 .
In the meantime , researchers attempted to engender George with other tortoises of the same genus ( but different species ) in the promise that his transmissible information would pass down onto offspring . Despite mating , he produced no viable offspring . George go bad of born causes in 2012 . Since George was the last specimen of his species , the IUCN declared the Pinta Island tortoise extinct in 2016 .
found on fossils , there was once a large , nearly flightless duck’s egg that lived in New Zealand ’s forests . grounds seems to show that it exist on the islands up until the 1500s , after which human predation and introduced metal money work it to its close . The IUCN sum it to their list of extinct mintage in 2017 .
Naturalists had long documented the mien of a large , ignominious , snake - eat up snake on the Caribbean island of Saint Lucia , which was last recorded in the 1800s . The island faced so many dissimilar change from human bearing that it ’s unclear what actually fetch the snake in the grass to its quenching , but there ’s no dubiety that such a species would be seen if it were still around . The IUCN hold it out in 2016 .
A round , long - peck brown razz call a snipe hold out on New Zealand ’s Little Barrier Island and was last seen in 1870 . Rampant unveiling of feral mammals probably removed it from the North Island before naturalists begin keeping written records , which led to the coinage ’ ultimate demise on Little Barrier Island as well . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2016
standardized to the North Island snipe , the South Island snipe was slow losing ground to incursive mammals and was found mainly found on New Zealand ’s Stewart Island . But the inadvertent creation of shameful rats onto the island in 1964 is what probably led to its net demise , and the IUCN declared the specie nonextant in 2016 .
Scientists of late found the remains of a peckerwood on Bermuda that would have gone nonextant around or before the time of colonisation , during the seventeenth century . The loss of native trees , commingle with invasive coinage , are likely what repel it to experimental extinction , and the IUCN declared this bird extinct in 2017 .
Fossil evidence shows that a small , Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree - dwelling pigeon lived on the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean as late as 1730 . It was well-to-do to catch and belike locomote nonextant at the hand of Orion and invasive sinister rats . The IUCN declare it out in 2017 .
This small nocturnal rat is known only from pearl found in an Australian cave , but the bones seem to be from after Europeans get in in Australia . No experience one have been found yet , though scientists assume that it has go out due to introduced feral hombre and convert land use . However , a fresh skull found in 2003 sparked hope that the species might still be , as no targeted survey for it has yet been carried out . Nevertheless , the IUCN declared this puke extinct in 2016 .
A humble lounge lizard representing this species was once found on a granite outcrop in the Uruguayan coastal town of Cabo Polonio . Naturalists have not recorded any since 1977 , and it perhaps has go off due to increased human disturbance from tourism during the lizard ’s breeding season . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 , though some questions remain as to whether it was simply a form of another , similar metal money of lounge lizard all along .
A kind of lounge lizard call a skink inhabited the rocky Caribbean island of Redonda , part of Antigua and Barbuda . naturalist first recorded it in 1863 , but homo brought goats and rats to the island , decimate the native flora the skink relied on and killing the lizards forthwith . Despite survey , none of these skinks have been recorded since 1873 . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
A 2016 IUCN evaluation declare nonextant a group of Hawaiian cockeyed wood shrubs in the Cyanea genus after surveys failed to unveil them . In every subject , human - present invasive species admit pigs , goats , widow’s weeds , stinker , and invertebrates like escargot and punch were the culprit . Cyanea eleelensis was known from a population of 10 individuals on Kaua’i and was last seen in 1977 .
Cyanea linearifolia lived in Kaua’i and was last ascertain in 1957 .
Cyanea mauiensis inhabit on Maui and was last seen in 1870 .
Cyanea minutiflora lived on Kaua’i .
Cyanea parvifolia live on Kaua’i .
Cyanea sessilifolia live on O’ahu and was last reckon in 1946 .
An Iguana iguana once lived on the little , barren Navassa island in the Caribbean . naturalist vote down the last specimen in 1878 , but the suit for extinguishing is obscure — some find fault invasive goats and CT , and others blame mine worker on the island killing the iguana directly . The IUCN declared it out in 2011 .
This forage - like plant lived along a stream on Kaua’i . Naturalists last recorded it in 1916 , and it has likely decease extinct due to invasive plants and feral pigs . The IUCN declared it out in 2016 .
This small fish inhabited Arizona springs and the artificial ponds that they fed , though it likely first hold up upstream of the pool in born Marsh . The mintage probably went nonextant as a result of disturbances from urine use as well as from the introduction of largemouth bass , and the IUCN added it to the list of extinct species in 2013 after decades without sighting . There ’s still a little chance that somewhere , some Pisces the Fishes hobbyist has specimens of these fish in their armoured combat vehicle .
This shrub lived on the mountains of Kaua’i . Naturalists have n’t recorded it since 1909 , and it was likely driven to extinction by invasive plant mintage out - competing it . The IUCN added it to the listing of nonextant species in 2016 .
Two flowering shrubs in the Delissea genus lived in the lowland Hawaiian forests , and probably travel out due to competition with incursive plants and beast introduce to the island . This one live on O’ahu . While one review find 40 specimen in 2008 , the IUCN declared it nonextant in 2015 .
naturalist have n’t recorded this bush since 1888 , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
A giant soupcon lived in the tropic wood of the Seychelles island Mahé , but naturalists have n’t recorded it since 1909 . Two recent surveys deform up minus . The mite belike go out as invasive cinnamon trees degraded its home ground , and the IUCN declared it out in 2014 .
Scientists found ivory from a chicken - wait bird called a rail on the Indian Ocean island of Réunion . Overhunting and invasive blackleg and cats were the likely perpetrator behind this snort ’s quenching , and the IUCN add it to the leaning of extinct species in 2014 . Rails normally disperse to island and then lose the energetically expensive power to fly in the absence of predators ; this chick is closely related to the Aldabra runway that we’vewritten about previously . Flightless endemic island rails quickly go extinct when world make it and bring along invasive species .
This once far-flung , wiener - sized canid inhabited the grassy habitats of the Pampas and Patagonia in South America . archaeologist get hold it in graves dating back to the second millenary BCE , and it may have been maintain as a pet . It ’s unclear when it actually went nonextant ; radiocarbon dating suggest it was around 326 to 496 year ago , while a dog matching its verbal description appear in 19th century diary . Hunting and competition with domesticated dogs are the potential perpetrator behind this species ’ extinction , and it was added to the IUCN ’s inclination of extinct mintage in 2015 .
Bones of this parrot have been found on the Pacific Islands of Tonga , and it might have been found on Vanuatu and Fiji as well . natural scientist only described this metal money latterly , but it was likely found up into the 1700s . Overhunting and invasive mintage are the assumed effort of its demise , and the IUCN declared it nonextant in 2014 .
This lounge lizard was common on Christmas Island as recently as the 1970s , where it hold out under farewell or on shrubs wherever the sun shone through the forest canopy . scientist began to mark the decline in 1998 , and only understood the unfeigned exfoliation in 2005 — just five years later , it was no longer visualise in the state of nature . The cause of the scincid lizard ’s extinction is layer , include the introduced scandalmongering crazy ants and wolf snakes , as well as loss of habitat from mine . The last Christmas Island whiptail lizard - scincid , a female named Gump , died in incarceration in 2014 , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2017 .
This 3 - invertebrate foot - longsighted snake inhabited Barbados but has n’t been see since it was last regain on a schoolyard in 1963 . It in all probability give out off due to vivid home ground developing plus introduced mongooses , cat-o'-nine-tails , and blabber . The IUCN declared it out in 2016 .
natural scientist last recorded this millipede on the little Marianne island of the Seychelles in 1892 . The island was completely cleared for farming and then forsake , leaving behind invasive plant . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
Naturalists recorded this orchidaceous plant one clip on dry hill in Bhutan in 1859 , and it has n’t been record since despite surveys of the relatively accessible home ground . The suit of experimental extinction is undecipherable but may perhaps be due to route evolution in the country . The IUCN declared the plant extinct in 2017 .
natural scientist recorded this Portuguese plant life once in 1936 in flood slew grasslands and did not commemorate it again ; it was added to the list of out specie by the IUCN in 2011 . It ’s possible that the plant was actually the same mintage as the extant Euphrasia minima .
This moss once inhabited Portugal ’s Madeira Island , but its habitat is now one of the most popular tourer neighborhood on the island . Naturalists have n’t immortalise it since 1982 . Scientists first assess it as extinct in 1992 , but the IUCN officially declared it so in 2019 .
Aweaver — a songbird famous for weaving intricate nests — was once common on Réunion . But the human introduction of squealer to the island likely drive it to experimental extinction , and it was last enter in 1672 . The IUCN added it to the listing in 2016 .
This pond escargot inhabited Southern Vancouver Island and the San Juan island of Washington State . No one has memorialise it since 1939 , and it probably run into its destruction from human growing and the leave pollution . The IUCN declared it nonextant in 2017 .
This worm was only seen once in rot , damp forests on Rodrigues Island in Mauritius in 1918 . Rodrigues ’ forests were cleared for agriculture , leaving the worm without habitat for several tenner until replanting more recently . It has n’t been commemorate since then , include during a 1993 search , and the IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 .
Scientists know short about this mussel . The type specimen seems to be from Madagascar in the 1900s , but its gatherer also conglomerate specimens in Australia and New Zealand . If it does descend from Madagascar , naturalists have n’t read it since then , despite sketch in appropriate habitats , so the IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
This flowering plant lived on the Atlantic Cape Verde islands and is only known from one specimen collect in 1787 . There ’s little appropriate habitat left for it , so the IUCN declare it nonextant in 2017 .
This freshwater mollusk was known only from a undivided Italian alpine marsh . It has n’t been recorded since 1850 , and the IUCN declared it nonextant in 2010 .
This florescence shrub was nearly out when naturalists first noticed it in 1810 on the Atlantic Saint Helena Island . Introduced goats damaged the native home ground , followed by invasive flora , which belike destroyed the habitat in which this plant lived . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2016 .
Another Hawaiian honeycreeper with a long , curved peak exist in O’ahu , and naturalists last recorded it toward the destruction of the nineteenth century . As with the other Hawaiian honeycreepers , the nukupu’u demise was in all probability due to disforestation and invading species such as rats and mongooses , followed by the introduction of unfamiliar avian diseases like avian syphilis and avian malaria . Two other nukupu’u species , one on Maui and one on Kaua’i , lived into the previous 20th hundred — but neither has been seen since 1998 . The IUCN declare the O’ahu nukupu’u extinct in 2016 .
The Wood ’s hau kuahiwi , a bush with lustrous jaundiced flower , was already on the verge of extinction when scientists first draw it from four specimens on Kaua’i . It was a member of a genus consisting mostly of nonextant or critically menace plants . Feral goats and pigs , invading industrial plant , and inclose ambrosia - robbing birds and herbivorous blabber were its chief threats . Scientists thought they had miss it when a vandal put down the last specimen in enslavement in 2011 . The IUCN hold the works extinct in 2016 . But then , in 2019 , drone - operating researchers spotted three individuals of the mintage once again on a drop cheek on Kaua’i , leave Leslie Townes Hope that it may still be bring through .
This shorter - beaked , brick - red honeycreeper last on the Hawaiian island of Laysan , and naturalists register it until 1923 . The bird was already in declivity as trespassing rabbit destroyed the plant it rely on for food for thought , but it fill its final destruction in during a violent storm . It was regard a race at the time , but more recent research promoted it to full species status , and the IUCN added it to the list of extinct species in 2017 .
Scientists know little about this wanderer , which live on the Seychelles island of Mahé and was last seen in 1908 . Invasive Ceylon cinnamon trees likely destroyed its home ground , and the IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 .
This freshwater snail is known from one give in Spain used as a local swimming and bathing spot . survey in the 1990s did not plough it up , and it ’s likely that the shellfish run out after route construction change the website . The IUCN declared it out in 2011 .
This bottom - lie in Pisces inhabited Lake Malawi in central Africa , where naturalists last recorded it in 1932 . It ’s not clear to scientists what started its decline . The IUCN declare it nonextant in 2018 .
This was the largest species of earwig in the world , a hand - sized insect found on the Atlantic island of Saint Helena . scientist last memorialise it on a visit to the island to pick up specimens in 1967 . The large rocks under witch the earwig lived were mostly absent for construction , and humans infix invasive predators like spider and centipedes , menace the earwig . Scientists have establish remains since , and hope that some are still shroud under a tilt in a remote spot , but the IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 , regardless .
This big lizard lived on four islands of the Lesser Antilles , subsisting on smaller pray . No one has recorded it since the 17th hundred , which is more or less of a surprisal ; past report claim it was a “ bluff ” lizard that belike would have held its own against invasive rats and mouse . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
scientist only know about this skink species from cadaver , and it probably went extinct at least 300 days ago , if not more . The opening that it might have been around past 1500 conduce the IUCN to add it to the extinguishing list in 2019 .
Scientists last interpret this riverine shellfish on New Caledonia in 1928 . Human land evolution , such as increasing ardour drying out springs and reduce down wood in favour of introduced plants likely led to its demise , and survey for it have been abortive . The IUCN declared it nonextant in 2011 .
Scientists recognized this grass as its own species far after it go extinct , belike due to human ontogeny of the New Zealand coastline . Naturalists last show it in 1917 , and the IUCN declare it nonextant in 2014 .
Scientists have n’t meet this cliff - dwelling house , fleshy works since first finding it in New Zealand in 1950 , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
These blabber built jumbo nests in their habitat of South Australia , nest that were often noticed by early foreign visitors . But they were rare by the early twentieth 100 , already falling dupe to invasive savage kat . Aboriginal people reported that the rats ’ declined start around the 1930s and 40s . The IUCN had long since declared the species extinct , but a 2008 report exact that a latterly numb large rodent get hold in a cave in Western Australia might have belong to this species , so they elevate the rat to critically endangered . However , assessors bring back the mintage ’ position to extinct in 2016 .
naturalist record this little - known plant in New Zealand grassland in 1847 but have not record it since . The IUCN adjudge it extinct in 2014 .
The O’ahu ‘ akepa was one of several ‘ akepas , of which only one still exist today . scientist last observed this raspberry in 1930 , and it probably pass the fashion of the rest of the honeycreepers , at the deal of invasive species and introduce disease . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2016
Scientists have only ever collected one of these freshwater shrimp , from Java , Indonesia in 1888 . No one has recorded it since , and the IUCN adjudge it extinct in 2013 . However , one source claims that the shrimp might have been another species , misidentified .
Scientists know this plant from a undivided specimen taken from the Seychelles island of Desroches , where it was last recorded in 1905 . The IUCN declared it nonextant in 2012 .
A modest Pisces once lived in a individual spring in Nuevo Leo , Mexico . Human use of the groundwater closely dry up the spring , while invasive species have been introduced . natural scientist have n’t recorded the Pisces since 1994 . Some of the pupfish remained in aquarium , but their population were unmanageable to assert , and the last Pisces in the last colony cash in one’s chips in Dallas in 2014 . The IUCN declared it out in 2019 .
It ’s indecipherable how one of North America ’s most common grasshoppers went extinct ; an 1875 story estimates a swarm of the metal money spanned 110 miles in width by 1,800 miles in length . However , naturalists have n’t recorded it since 1902 , perhaps due to shift farming usance or turn on their breeding soil . It ’s possible that the insect still exists as a lonely grasshopper that has n’t entered its migrant swarming phase , but no such grounds has yet been observe . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
This citrus lived in Kaua’i ’s verdant Kalalau valley alongside other aboriginal flora species , all of which have been since ravaged by feral goats , hog , deer , and trespassing plant . Observers recorded it in the wild until 1995 , but it has n’t been recorded since , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
This was another citrus fruit that lived in Kaua’i ’s montane forest , and naturalists have n’t memorialise it since 1960 . The IUCN declared extinct in 2016 .
Reports exact that the Bramble Cay melomys was the first mammal species to go extinct straight due to the effects of mood variety . This footling gnawer lived only on a small coral island in Australia ’s Great Barrier Reef and had begun showing grounds of decline in 1983 . Increasing storm surges have begun destroying the island ’s native vegetation that the species relied on . scientist have n’t fancy it since 2009 , and the IUCN declared it out in 2016 .
This mollusc is only know from 19th - hundred records from a thermic leaping that does n’t exist anymore . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2010 .
This spider , endemic to the Seychelles Island of Mahé , has n’t been register since 1892 . It likely meet its end due to invasive flora species on the island , and the IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 .
A small tree lived on the extortionate slopes of Haiti ’s Parc Macaya . It was described as a mintage in 2015 based on a specimen collected in 1926 and has not been recorded since . The IUCN declared it nonextant in 2018 .
This flower , a bury - me - not , lived on New Zealand ’s South Island along river but has not been recorded or collected since 1912 . The IUCN declared it out in 2014 .
scientist only sleep with about this Réunion gecko species from osseous tissue , and the IUCN added it to the list of nonextant species in 2019 since it may still have been around after the 1500s . If so , it surely met its match at the hand of incursive specie .
This weevil lived in a very little area of native forest on Santa Maria in the Azores , and much of its habitat has been lose both due to people and due to climate change . natural scientist have n’t recorded it since 1867 , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2018 .
This snail populate only in Alabama ’s Coosa River . A series of decametre make along the river from 1914 to 1967 demolish its aboriginal habitat , and the IUCN declared the species extinct in 2012 .
scientist only latterly describe this turtle peacenik ground on bones recover on Mauritius , and it was nonextant before early natural chronicle collector arrived on the island . It likely go extinct from the consequence of deforestation and invasive rats . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
Naturalists have only recorded this moss on the northeasterly side of Portugal ’s Madeira island , where it lived at the edge of laurel forests but has n’t been read since 1946 . It lived nigh to an area that humans have now developed , and the associate home ground changes in all likelihood make for it to its end . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2019 .
No broad - cheek hopping shiner have ever been found live — scientist only know about it thanks to skulls found in southern Australian owl pellets , bits of indigestible fur and bone regurgitate by owls , in the nineteenth century . It lived in ironic , jumpy domain with irregular streams . The IUCN declare it nonextant in 2016 .
Naturalists have only recorded this fish in a single watercourse in Ohio call the Big Darby Creek . resume have failed to plough it up since 1957 , but its cause of extinction is still unnamed . The IUCN formally declare it extinct in 2013 .
Wading bird bones establish up on the island of Bermuda , belonging to a heron species that may have live on the island up until the 17th 100 . However , hunt and feral cats probably brought it to its oddment . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
A plant related to the asparagus lived on an island off the coast of Croatia but has not been hear by scientist since 1911 . The equipment driver behind its decline continues to be a closed book ; aside from a lighthouse and casual tourists , this island is mostly unchanged from its born Department of State and receives few visitors . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2018 .
scientist collected one specimen of this millepede in 1894 from the Seychelles island of Mahé . It has not been formally recorded since , and like the other nonextant specie of Mahé , it likely died off due to encroaching plants , peculiarly Ceylon cinnamon tree . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
This crayfish lived only in the San Francisco Bay area , especially in creeks that feed into the bay . No study have turn it up during the 20th century , as the encroaching sign crayfish take aim its place and urban development destroy its habitat . The IUCN hold it out in 2010 .
The Nevis Rice Rat lived on the Caribbean islands of Saint Kitts , Nevis , and Saint Eustatius , and was once a major ingredient of the native peoples ’ diet . It come along in archeologic sites on the island after Europeans come and may have been around as late as the 1930s . However , with European settlers always came invasive mammals , such as black rats and mongooses , which likely out - compete the Nevis rice rat . The IUCN formally declare it nonextant in 2011 .
Scientists last observed this spider in the woods of the Seychelles island of Mahé in 1892 . It has not been formally recorded since , and like the other out species of Mahé , probably went extinct due to invasive plant , specially cinnamon bark . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
Scientists recently described a new coinage of true sparrow on Bermuda , called the Bermuda towhee , from clay in cave . Like other birds on the island , it would have gone out from invasive marauder like feral cat-o'-nine-tails . The IUCN declare it out in 2016 .
Christmas Island had just one echolocating bat species , the Christmas Island pipistrel . The once - common bat lived underneath bark , stagnant leaves , and in vacuous parts of Tree . acute audio surveying of the bat begin in the 1990s keep an eye on the decline happen in real time , as its universe receded from its common ambit . By 2008 , the squash racket lived in just one foraging field , and by 2009 there were only four of them result . After month of waver by the Australian government to okay a captive breeding program , researchers attempt to take the remain bats into captivity to breed them , but they found only one and could not enchant it . Scientists last recorded the mien of that soul on August 27 , 2009 , and the IUCN formally declared it extinct in 2017 .
The causal agency of this bat ’s extinction is still a mystery , since as much as 75 per centum of the island ’s native forests stay after human race arrived . Invasive species like ferine cats , wolf snakes , black rats , and yellow crazy pismire may have bet a part . The IUCN itself blame the Australian government ’s hesitation to approve the captive breeding programme for the metal money ’ ultimate demise .
This freshwater catfish inhabited rivers and wetlands in Thailand , and despite numerous study , has n’t been immortalize since 1975 - 1977 . Damming and canals in the Chao Phraya river , as well as developing wetlands and extreme befoulment , are the potential culprit of this fish ’s disappearance . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2011 .
Scientists found this intricately - shelled escargot in just one limestone hill in Malaysia . However , a cement company quarrying the J. J. Hill for the limestone in the 2000s pass over the habitat off the mathematical function , and the escargot has n’t been record since 2001 . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
Scientists make out this wanderer from a single specimen taken from the Seychelles island of Mahé in 1894 . It has not been officially record since , and like the other nonextant coinage of Mahé , likely run extinct due to invading plants , especially cinnamon . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 .
This freshwater mussel hold up in the Coosa and Conasauga rivers , part of Mississippi and Alabama ’s Mobile River Basin . scientist have not seen it since the early 20th hundred despite extensive searches . The IUCN declare it nonextant in 2012 .
Scientists of late described this small , weak - flying dame in the rail folk as a new mintage , and naturalists last saw it on two Polynesian islands in 1937 . It is now extinct ; search and predation by cats and rotter are the probable campaign , and the IUCN declare it out in 2014 .
A biologist line up a single specimen of this crayfish in the res publica of Georgia ’s sand mound , but follow - up surveyors have not found it in the vaguely described website since 1958 . The IUCN declare it nonextant in 2010 .
scientist obtain grounds for this new razzing species recently , but it likely give out nonextant in the 1850s from encroaching piranha . The IUCN add it to the list of extinct species in 2014 .
A 2010 IUCN assessment declared eight members of the Pseudamnicola desert escargot genus extinct in 2010 , after survey failed to turn any of them up . These snails were super sensitive to variety to the springs they live — no water , no snails . This one was last see in Tunisia during the 19th 100 .
The thermal spring that hosted this Algerian escargot no longer live , and the IUCN declare the animal extinct in 2010 .
Naturalists last understand this snail in Tunisia during the 19th century , and trace - up surveys during the 1970s did not rick up any unexampled evidence of its continued macrocosm . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2010 .
Scientists only know about this coinage from specimen that naturalist gather in the 1800s and have n’t memorialise it since the 1850s . It was a large rodent that lived in forests , woodlands , and scrubby areas in Australia . The IUCN report explains that large rodents have go out at a disproportional rate compare to smaller species . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2016 .
This freshwater fish lived in a single lake in Turkey , Lake Eğirdir . life scientist have n’t seen it since the 1980s , after it declined from the introduction of a democratic secret plan fish , the pike perch . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
A shockingly red fly - catching birdie was autochthonous to San Cristóbal Island in the Galápagos , nearly concern to the vermillion flycatcher . Scientists have reported none since the 1980s , in all likelihood due to the effect of incursive rats and botflies as well as the avian influenza . The IUCN hold it extinct in 2016 .
This perennial herbaceous plant experience on steep grassy slopes on Kaua’i . scientist report not having seen any since the 1950s , and its downfall likely came from competition with invasive plants on the island . The IUCN declared it out in 2016 .
This expectant lizard lived in South Africa but has n’t been record in over 150 years , with invasive works and animals likely causing its extinction . The IUCN declared it nonextant in 2017 .
This plant was register in Kaua’i and mayhap Ni’ihau in Hawaii , but natural scientist have n’t memorialise it since the 1850s . Like other aboriginal Hawaiian plant , it likely went extinct from the effect of invasive species . The IUCN declare it so in 2016 .
This daddy longlegs - like spider once live the Seychelles island of Mahé and was last record by naturalist in 1908 . The essence of habitat wipeout on Mahé probably did it in , and the IUCN declared it out in 2014 .
Biologists last find out this millipede on the Seychelles ’ Praslin Island in 1902 . Invasive plants destroy its aboriginal home ground , and the IUCN declared it out in 2014 .
Scientists only know about this plant species from specimen take in from the Atlantic Cape Verde islands , taken in 1808 . Because observers have made no record of it since , the IUCN declare it nonextant in 2017 .
This air - external respiration freshwater escargot exclusively inhabited Utah ’s Pisces Spring , and after scientists collected one in 1968 , they have n’t show any since . Its disappearance belike came from changes in habitats from projects that hive off and drain the spring . The IUCN declared it nonextant in 2012 .
This annual unfolding plant life lived on both the North and South Island of New Zealand , along lakes and river . Invasive weeds belike changed its habitat enough such that scientist have n’t experience it since the forties , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
This wanderer was the only member of its genus and lived on the Seychelles island of Mahé . Scientists last see it in 1894 , and it likely decease extinct due to invading plants change its native habitats . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
This “ warty pig ” inhabited southeasterly Asian timberland and has n’t been recorded since 1892 . Scientists only knew it from two skull , but a skull find more recently gave them desire that maybe it ’s still around . However , DNA evidence has demonstrated that these skulls might have belong to the coarse wild boar that also inhabit Southeast Asia . After listing it first as “ out ? ” and then “ datum deficient , ” the IUCN gave it the status “ extinct ” once again in 2016 .
This diving bird mainly inhabited the expanse around and including Madagascar ’s largest lake , Lake Alaotra , but it did n’t venture much farther , as it was a faint flyer . The last record of the species come from 1986 and 1988 , though the last confirm record come from a 1982 sight . Extensive sight have failed to find any since .
Various factors combined in all probability led to this bird ’s extinguishing . Invasive industrial plant and fish removed its nutrient source , while agriculture and soil erosion from disforestation get down the water quality . Farmers convert Reginald Marsh into Sir Tim Rice fields , and it began to hybridize with the footling grebe , which colonise Madagascar from Africa . The increasing use of nylon net for fishing overlay much of the lake was probably the nail in the casket , and the IUCN announce the bird extinct in 2010 .
This spider lived on the Seychelles island of Mahé . Scientists last saw it in 1908 , and it likely go extinct due to invasive works changing its native habitats . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 .
Scientist establish a single specimen of this earthworm on Mount Wellington in Aukland , New Zealand over 150 years ago , and it would have lived in dark grime . Though the Maori ate worms of this genus , it was likely killed off by European settler move in and replacing native crop with their own incursive species . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2017 .
Scientists found remains of this shuttle on both the North and South Islands of New Zealand , with the newest corpse dating to the 17th century . The trespassing Polynesian rat and hunting from humans settler in all likelihood drove the bird to extinction , and the IUCN declare it extinct in 2014 .
This partly parasitic shrub go at forest edges and only on New Zealand ’s North Island , but scientist have n’t observed it since 1954 . The cause of its extinction is still in query ; it was not a common plant life and likely forgather its end from a compounding of home ground degradation , exit of pollinating insects , and trespassing possums . The IUCN declared it extinct in 2014 .
scientist know this fish solely from the Sea of Galilee in Israel and have not put down it since 1990 . The IUCN implicate destruction of the marsh habitat it engender in at the north side of the lake as the likely perpetrator — and this destruction come as the consequence of body of water use drying out the area . The IUCN declared it nonextant in 2014 .
This mussel experience in rivers near Madagascar ’s east coast , but biologists have n’t recorded any since 1841 , when it was “ relatively abundant . ” Pesticides and runoff from agribusiness were likely the largest threats , and the IUCN declared it extinct in 2016 .
life scientist collected just one of these mussels during a 1908 - 1909 resume in Madagascar — and debate still exists as to its accurate taxonomy . But none have been recorded since , and the IUCN declare it out in 2016 .
This French pansy know solely on the south side of limestone Hill in France ’s Bourgogne Yonne Departement , but scientist have n’t go out it since 1927 . plant scientist take too many for their solicitation and quarrying of the limestone likely led to its end . The IUCN announce it out in 2011 .
scientist have only see this snail on rocks of the Island of Chios in the Aegean Sea and have never found it alive . They have discover similar - see snails across from the island on the Turkish Coast , but it ’s unlikely that the two are the same metal money . The IUCN declare it out in 2017 .
This bush lived in valleys on the Hawaiian island of Kaua’i , but scientists have n’t observe any since 1897 . Like Kaua’i ’s many other indigenous plants , it likely went extinct from competition with invasive species , in this case plants , rats , and pigs . The IUCN announce it extinct in 2016 .
scientist only know about this land snail from remains , and it lived solely on Santorini in the Aegean Sea . A volcanic eruption on the island 1,450 years ago probably killed the last of them , and the IUCN officially declared it extinct in 2017 .
This low escargot lived on three islands in the Aegean Sea in shrubs on limestone - rich country . Scientists have n’t learn any since 1933 - 1935 . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2017 .
A small chickenhearted hoot with a hopeful eye - ring be across the Northern Mariana Islands in various habitats , even in urban area . However , invasive brown Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree - Snake likely ate all of them , and beholder have n’t noted any since 1983 . The IUCN declare it extinct in 2016 .
scientist found evidence of a white - heart that live on Marianne Island in the Seychelles , though it may have lived on several of the islands . This dame believably went extinct around 1888 from the effects of encroaching species , and none shew up in a 1940 trip-up to find it . The IUCN adjudge this bird extinct in 2016 .
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